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Trouble with Overconfidence 1 Running head: TROUBLE WITH OVERCONFIDENCE The Trouble with Overconfidence

This paper presents a reconciliation of the three distinct ways in which the research literature has defined overconfidence: (1) overestimation of one’s actual performance, (2) overplacement of one’s performance relative to others, and (3) excessive precision in one’s beliefs. Experimental evidence shows that reversals of the first two (apparent underconfidence), when they occur, tend to be on ...

How the Innate Immune System Senses Trouble and Causes Trouble.

The innate immune system is the first line of defense in response to nonself and danger signals from microbial invasion or tissue injury. It is increasingly recognized that each organ uses unique sets of cells and molecules that orchestrate regional innate immunity. The cells that execute the task of innate immunity are many and consist of not only "professional" immune cells but also nonimmune...

GENDER TROUBLE GENDER TROUBLE Feminism and the Subversion of Identity

Gender Trouble was originally published in the Routledge book series Thinking Gender, edited by Linda J. Nicholson. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permi...

The trouble with translation

The Trouble with Cases

The recent hearings on Judge Sonia Sotomayor's and Solicitor General Elena Kagan's nominations to the Supreme Court vividly exemplify the enthusiastic concurrence between the senators and the nominee that judges make neither law nor policy. Judges decide particular cases between particu­ lar litigants, the questioners and the responders agree, and in doing so they apply laws and policies made b...